关键词： Intellectual disability   Genetics   Epidemiology   Etiology   Family history   Familial intellectual disability  

摘要： Background Intellectual Disability (ID) is characterized by significant limitations that affect intellectual functioning, adaptive behavior, and practical skills which directly interfere with interpersonal relationships and the environment. In Western countries, individuals with ID are overrepresented in the health system, often due to associated comorbidities, and its life-time cost places ID as one of the most expensive conditions of all diagnoses in the International Classification of Diseases. Most of the people affected (75%) live in low-income countries, suffer from malnutrition, lack health care, and do not have access to adequate treatment. The aim of this study was to obtain an estimate of the diagnostic status as well as the prevalence of familial ID among individuals with serious (moderate or severe) ID in a region of the State of Santa Catarina, investigating attendees of special education schools of the Florianopolis Macroregion. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted between August 2011 and August 2014, through a semi-structured screening questionnaire for the collection of relevant developmental, clinical, familial and educational data, applied in an interview to guardians of students of special education schools of the macroregion of Florianopolis. Results The participant special schools enrolled close to 1700 students during the study period and the questionnaire was applied to 849 (50.5%). The male to female ratio of the participants was 1.39:1. Clear etiologic explanations were relatively scarce (24%);most diagnoses referring only to the type and the degree of impairment and for the majority (61.4%) the cause was unknown. About half were sporadic cases within their families (considering three generations). For 44.2% at least one other case of an ID-related condition in the extended family was mentioned, with 293 (34.5%) representing potential familial cases. Conclusion Here we describe the epidemiological profile, the available diagnos

关键词： 数字化仿生   特殊儿童   发育障碍  

摘要： 伴随着科学技术和人类文明的不断进步,数字化干预技术越来越多地走进了特殊儿童康复教育中来,并且成为有效的针对特殊儿童康复干预技术之一。在特殊教育学校开展海豚屋训练3年多来,海豚现代仿生数字声频信号对参与海豚屋训练学生的中枢神经系统能够起到持续稳定的刺激和修复作用,显著改善了参与海豚屋训练学生的中枢神经系统功能。学生都能在不同发育障碍方面得到明显改善,特别是在语言功能、运动功能、思维能力、饮食、睡眠等各个方面都得到了很大程度的进步和提高。

关键词： 科研项目   科研产出   倒序绩效评价   倾向得分匹配  

摘要： 如何预判项目申请者的科研绩效是科研资助中的焦点问题。不同于传统做法,以已结题的国家社科基金教育学项目产出为既定绩效,利用倾向得分匹配方法,倒序评估项目申请者既有“头衔”对产出绩效的因果效应,结果发现:项目申请者“头衔”显著提升了科研绩效,较行政职务头衔,学术荣誉头衔带来的科研绩效提升更显著。但并非所有类型头衔都显著作用于科研绩效,确切地讲,教育部新世纪人才、国务院特殊津贴专家、校长、院长、研究所所长及副所长等头衔更有利于科研绩效提升。对此,基金主管部门可通过适当增加对有“头衔”者的资助,构建以成果为导向的资助方式,倡导以结项为依据的评价体系,开放以质量为核心的结题通道等途径改善科研项目绩效。

关键词： 医学教育学   研究生培养   体系建设  

摘要： 针对社会发展对医学教育学人才的实际需求和新时期医学教育学专业人才培养的重要意义,我们依据医学教育学的特点,通过理论课程体系构建、教育教学实践课程研发、学术交流活动设计和研究生培养要求制定等系列举措,逐步对医学教育学硕士研究生培养体系进行科学、系统的建设,为医学教育专业高水平人才培养提供了制度保障,同时明确了未来发展方向。

关键词： 高校体育教育   体育教育学   风险防控   新课改   运作模式   体育项目   帕累托分析法   教育的发展  

摘要： 近几年实行新课改以来,我国高校的体育教育迅速发展。虽然体育项目、种类、性质各不相同,但体育活动的目的和运作模式都有着相对稳定的原理及规律。为完善我国现行体育教育的发展机制并使体育教育更加健康地提升和进步,我国高校势必要在体育教育的原理、规律及教育方法方面进行研究,同时也要对高校体育教育建设中有可能出现的风险进行科学合理的防控。

摘要： This paper complements pedagogical efforts of foregrounding nonviolence on inner reflexive work with approaches that highlight notions of nonviolence as both subjective and collective resistance to the norms and structures of social injustice and violence. It is argued that Butler's theorization of affect, ethics and (non)violence can serve as a productive entry point into enriching our understandings of ethical and political responses to violence in the context of social justice education, especially in renewing pedagogies for nonviolence. In particular, Butler's construal of nonviolence as enmeshed with ethics and affect is noteworthy in social justice education for two important reasons: first, it highlights how the ethical and the political are intertwined, just as violence and nonviolence are entangled, hence theorizing nonviolence in social justice education is founded in the claim that we are all from the beginning enmeshed in both resistance and complicity. Second, Butler's understanding of nonviolence as an interruption or suspension of norms that are taken for granted emphasizes the need to take into consideration how affective relations may be mobilized in social justice education not only on the basis of ethical appeals but also on political terms.

关键词： 教育社会学   社会建构主义理论   社会实在论   教育科学出版社   教育学   社会科学   相对主义   社会性  

摘要： 随着社会建构主义理论的发展,为了解决知识发展中社会性与客观性之间的张力、防止知识的相对主义,同时避免知识的绝对论,由英国学者迈克尔·扬编著、教育科学出版社出版的《把知识带回来—教育社会学从社会建构主义到社会实在论的转向》一书,不仅为教育学提供了新的知识基础,同时也为整个社会科学的发展、为社会科学的科学性和客观性赋予了更加广阔和深厚的空间。

关键词： 学习心态   学历水平   学业成绩   教育学   行为表现   心理学   不平衡问题   学生的学习  

摘要： 学生学习心态影响教育成果。据美国进步中心网站报道,近期教育学和心理学的大量研究表明,学生的学习心态与未来的教育成果(如学业成绩、学习行为表现和学历水平)相关。学习心态影响着学生的学习方式以及他们对所学知识的看法,当学生对学习内容感兴趣并且认为它与未来生活相关时,他们会更有动力迎接学习上的挑战。美国进步中心的一项新研究指出,目前美国的STEM领域存在性别不平衡问题,改进学生学习心态可能有助于改变这种现象。

关键词： 教育学   课程体系   改革  

摘要： 随着国家对教育行业越来越重视,教师待遇也在不断提高,教育学成为了需求量最大的专业之一。而教育学专业在经历了 几个世纪的动荡之后,发展前景已不甚乐观,尤其是在该专业学生的就业问题上,已经很难占据任何优势。为此本文将从我国高校教 育学本科专业课程体系的设置、课程体系的改革历程等方面展开论述,探讨该专业课程体系的改革方向。

关键词： Meaningful   physical education   higher education   sociocultural perspective   embodiment   democratic pedagogy   video narratives  

摘要： Background: Higher education (HE) physical education (PE) can provide opportunities for students to develop meaning(s) and value(s) towards movement experiences. However, it is an under researched area in the educational sphere and little is known about what or how students find, meaningful movement. While there has been increasing interest in the features of meaningful PE, few studies have explored how they relate to students' experiences of movement in the context of HE or, the meaning held for certain features such as 'fun'. In seeking to address this gap, the purpose of this article was to explore what university students found meaningful in PE. Method: Using data from a larger digital ethnographic study, this research featured six students studying a university PE class taught by an educator with a sociocultural perspective towards education and movement. Digital video narratives and reflective essays served as qualitative data and were analysed using collaborative thematic analysis. Findings: Four themes are described in relation to students' meaningful experiences. These are, (a) meaningful PE is fun and contains elements of delight, (b) meaningful PE is a combination of fun and challenge, (c) meaningful PE develops motor competency in personally relevant areas and (d) meaningful PE is a social and personally relevant experience. Our findings demonstrate the interlinking nature of meaningful PE features and, specifically, how they are embodied by HE students. Conclusion: We argue that students can have meaningful PE experiences, even when educators do not plan for them. Furthermore, the features of meaningful PE, particularly in relation to 'fun', can extend to university settings. Moreover, sociocultural educators with a dear vision for classes can contribute to students developing foundational beliefs towards movement. This is exhibited through employing democratic pedagogies such as high levels of reflection and goal setting.